OOM killer — glossary
TL;DR
Linux kernel mechanism that terminates processes when memory is critically low.
Key facts
- Term
- OOM killer
TL;DR
The OOM killer is a Linux kernel safeguard that terminates processes when the system runs out of RAM — often taking down PHP-FPM, MySQL, or Redis without a graceful shutdown.
Symptoms
Out of memory: Killed processindmesgor/var/log/kern.log- Sudden 502/504 from nginx when all FPM workers vanish
- MySQL
gone awayerrors aftermysqldis chosen as victim
Manual response
- Identify the victim process and its RSS from kernel logs
- Reduce
pm.max_children, queue concurrency, or runaway cron - Add swap only as a buffer — fix allocation, do not mask leaks
Use the OOM analyser and PHP-FPM calculator.
Automation
Reflex playbooks react to memory pressure and OOM signatures with dry-run gates and rollback-safe actions.